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James A. Laning

Baptism: The Sign and the Grace Not Inseparably Connected

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  • James A. Laning

Baptism is the visible word of God’s grace to his church. In it God speaks and points his church to his promises. However, there are different views on the meaning of baptism. In this article the views of the Roman Catholic and Lutheran churches are examined.

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Holy Baptism: Sign of the New Covenant

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  • James A. Laning

Baptism is the visible word of God’s grace to his church. In it God speaks and points his church to his promises. The article discusses the sacrament, also making clear that the sacrament must be cherished by God’s people.

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The Quickening of a Dead Will

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What is the role of man’s will in salvation? The will of man is dead by nature; therefore, it cannot respond to the call of the gospel. Only the will that is brought to life by God is able to respond. This article shows how this is crucial to understanding salvation to be by grace alone.

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The Order of Salvation

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Calling, justification, and glorification is the summary of the order of salvation. This article proves that such an order exists, and from Romans 8:30 it answers those who deny the existence of the order of salvation (ordo salutis).

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The Proud, Troubled, Roaring Sea

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Creation is a book that speaks to us. This article shows how the sea and land are used to reveal the antithesis.

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The Spirit’s Life-Giving Work: Not Merely a Moral Advising

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  • James A. Laning

The work of the Holy Spirit in salvation is both efficacious and irresistible. The Spirit does not just offer life as the Arminians claims; the Spirit gives life.

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The Catholicity of the Church

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To confess the catholicity of the church is to confess that the church is a body that is universal in extent, gathered throughout the whole human race out of all the nations of the world. Based on this the article evaluates the claims of the Roman Catholic Church to catholicity. It also shows how the confession of a catholic church is an antidote to racism.

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One Holy Church, One Covenant of Grace

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There is only one holy church of God. This article explains that this one holy church of God finds its root in the covenant of God and his promises.

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The Organic Unity of the Church

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  • James A. Laning

Church unity is something organic. It is found in Christ who unites members of the body so that they together live one life. The organic unity of the church is a result of God’s work, manifested in the local church.

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Ecclesiology: The Study of the Church

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  • James A. Laning

Ecclesiology is the study of the church. This article explains the meaning of the church as the body of Christ, the relationship between the universal church and church as institute, and the church as God’s household.

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Wycliffe’s Doctrine of the Lord’s Supper

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  • James A. Laning

This article focuses on John Wycliffe’s teaching on the Lord’s Supper over against the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church. Wycliffe's stand against the Mass paved a way for the proper celebration of the Lord’s Supper by God’s church.

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The Reward of Grace

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The fact that God will reward good works of believers is not contrary to salvation being by grace. This article points to the biblical truth that God will reward good works of believers. It argues that this reward is by grace and is motivated by the sanctifying work of God in the life of the believer.

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Sanctification and Good Works

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What makes good works good? This article argues that good works are those that are rooted in sanctification. It shows that a biblical understanding of sanctification leads us back to God and his work. Then it points to the need to preach the doctrine of sanctification in a biblical way.

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The Power and Government of the Church: No Hierarchy of Bishops

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Church government has its foundation in the truth that Christ is the head of the church. This article explains that a hierarchy system is against Christ’s way of ruling his church. It looks at the historical development of hierarchy and explains the meaning of the word "bishop" in relation to elder.

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Church Power and Government: Christ Speaking through Special Office Bearers

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  • James A. Laning

Church government has its foundation in the truth that Christ is the head of the church. How does Christ govern his church? This article explains that Christ rules the church by his Word and Spirit, and it is through the special office bearers that his Spirit brings his Word to the members of his body. The article looks at the role of pastors, elders, and deacons in church government. It also explains how Christ speaks through the keys of the kingdom.

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Distinctively Reformed Soteriology

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This article explains how the doctrines of total depravity, unconditional election, limited atonement, irresistible grace, and perseverance of the saints are distinctives of the Reformed teaching on salvation.

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God’s Glorious Work of Sanctification

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Sanctification is God’s work. This article discusses the relationship between sanctification and justification, and sanctification and glorification.

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The Freedom We Enjoy in Our Nation

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What is freedom? True and real freedom is freedom from the power of sin. This article argues that this is what God gives us through sanctification. The struggle between the new man and old man is explained, as is the comfort the believer has in knowing that he will be totally free from the dominion of sin.

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Does Man Have a Free Will?

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An unregenerate person does not possess free will. Only in Christ is the will is freed. It is in Christ that man can please God again.

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Redefining Election

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This article looks at the relationship between redemption and election.

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The Hunger of the Living

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The nature of the unregenerate person makes it impossible for him to seek salvation and regeneration in God. Only the one who has been regenerated can have a true hunger for God.

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First Regenerated; Then We Seek God

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This article shows that no unregenerate person can seek the Lord for salvation; therefore, seeking the Lord is a result of regeneration.

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Developing Culture

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This article shows the relationship between culture and intellect, morality, and education. Only in Christ can true culture be developed.

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Regeneration: A Spiritual Resurrection

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The natural man is spiritually dead, and must receive regeneration of the heart. This new heart has a new life flowing from it with a desire for a new kind of food.

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A Redemption for This World

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This article contrasts the biblical understanding of redemption with the modern use of the word. The modern use of this word disassociates redemption with the concepts of Christ's work and mankind's sin.

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Salvation By Grace Alone: None Seeketh After God

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No one seeks after God. Man's salvation is only as a result of God's grace. In expositing Romans 3:11, this article shows that man by nature has no inclination to seek after God. Only when He is found by God can he seek after Him. This truth of salvation by grace alone is fundamental to the life of every Christian, family and church.

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Total Depravity: Only Evil Flowing From the Dead

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The difference between a believer and unbeliever is that one has a living spiritual heart while the other has a dead spiritual heart. Total depravity means that an unbeliever's heart is evil in its nature and can only produce evil continuously.

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Revelation: Forbidden to Add to or Subtract From God's Word

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Two sins can be committed against the revelation of God: subtracting from His revelation, and adding to His revelation. This article discusses both of these sins and the ways in which they are committed.

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The One Infallible Authority

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The Bible is God’s self-revelation, and is the only authority in His church. God also guides the church in her interpretation of scripture, which should be based on the testimony of scripture itself so that the authority remains with the Bible. This truth goes against the teaching and practice of the Roman Catholic Church.

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Revelation (2): The God-Breathed Writings

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  • James A. Laning

How is it possible that the Bible does not contain errors, since it is written by imperfect humans? This article answers this question by pointing to the nature of the Bible as God’s word. The Bible is inspired by God, and its authors wrote it through the power of the Holy Spirit. The Bible is infallible since it comes from God, who cannot err.

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Revelation (1)

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  • James A. Laning

How is it possible that some people believe in Christ while others do not? This article answers this question by discussing how God’s revelation is a particular revelation. God reveals himself through Christ and the word particularly to those He wills to save. Through the Holy Spirit God gives understanding of the word to those whom He chooses.

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The Creation and Fall of Man (4): Man Created Good, Yet Able to Sin

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How was it possible that Adam was created good, and yet he sinned? This article answers this question by showing that although God created Adam good, Adam could sin and receive God's judgment of death. His life depended on obedience to God, while disobedience meant death.

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The Creation and Fall of Man (3): Man's Darkened Understanding and Dead Will

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Is every person a bearer of God’s image? This article addresses those who claim that every person is God’s image bearer. The author shows that by nature man's will and understanding are darkened and dead. Not all men bear God's image.

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The Creation and Fall of Man (2): The Righteous and Holy Image Bearer

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Only God’s children are true bearers of God’s image. This is so because bearing God’s image implies that one is righteous, holy, and knows God. Only the regenerate can be referred to in this way.

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The Creation and Fall of Man (1): Adam - God’s Son Created in His Image

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  • James A. Laning

Is every person a bearer of God’s image? In order to answer this question, this article first defines what it means to be created in the image of God. Being created in the image of God means that one is a child of God. Only children of God are true image bearers; therefore, not everyone bears God’s image.

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The Creation of the Heavens and the Earth (7): All Things Created for Christ

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All things are created for Christ. This truth has great implications for God’s people and the rest of the world, since all that exists must serve Him. Creation exists to glorify God.

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The Creation of the Heavens and the Earth (6): Creatures Reproducing After Their Kind

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  • James A. Laning

Evolution claims that one animal can evolve into a different kind of animal. In evaluating the claims of microevolution and macroevolution, the author shows that evolution is contrary to what the Bible teaches. Biblical teaching and the creation account show that plants and animals always reproduce after their kind.

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The Creation of the Heavens and the Earth (5): Extremely Long "Days" & Death Before the Fall

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Was there death before the Fall? This article answers this question with a resounding 'No'. Death, even of the animals, came due to the fall of Adam into sin.

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The Creation of the Heavens and the Earth (4): The Creation Narrative as Real History

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  • James A. Laning

Did God create the earth in six days, as is presented in Genesis 1, or is it just a mythical story? To deny the historicity of Genesis 1 is very serious. What Christ did and what man is depends on the historicity of Genesis 1. This article concludes that the creation account is real history.

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The Creation of the Heavens and the Earth (3): Created in Six Literal Days

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Did God create the earth in six days, as presented in Genesis 1? There is a movement today that seeks to read the days of creation as symbolic. The author of this article concludes that creation was accomplished in six literal days.

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The Creation of the Heavens and the Earth (2): God Created by His Word - A Truth Understood Only by Faith

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Creation means that God spoke into existence things which were not before. According to Hebrews 11:3, this truth can only be accepted by faith.

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The Creation of the Heavens and the Earth (1): The Wondrous Act of God

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Creation means that God spoke into existence things which were not before. This is totally different from evolution or the Big Bang theory. The fact that "God spoke, and it was" gives Christians comfort that God will always accomplish His good pleasure. Therefore creation is crucial to trusting God.

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Holy Baptism: Sign of God’s Unconditional Covenant

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Baptism is the visible sign of God’s grace to His church. This article looks at children of believers as members of the church, and also discusses infant baptism as believer's baptism.

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Holy Baptism: Sign of the New Covenant

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  • James A. Laning

Baptism is the visible sign of God’s grace to His church. In it God speaks and points His church to His promises. However, these promises can only be received by faith. This sacrament must be cherished by God’s people. The author also discusses the fact that baptism is not necessary for salvation.

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The Idea and Importance of the Sacraments (3)

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  • James A. Laning

Not only does God tell us about His love and grace, but He also makes them visible to us in the sacraments. This article discusses the sacraments and the church and why there are only two sacraments.

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The Idea and Importance of the Sacraments (2)

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  • James A. Laning

Not only does God tell us about His love and grace, but He also makes them visible to us in the sacraments. This article discusses sacraments as seals and as a means of grace.

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The Idea and Importance of the Sacraments (1)

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  • James A. Laning

Not only does God tell us about His love and grace, but He also makes them visible to us in the sacraments. This article is about the sacraments as signs of grace.

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Wycliffe’s Doctrine of the Lord’s Supper

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  • James A. Laning

Why is John Wycliffe called the morning star of the Reformation? This article focuses Wycliffe’s teaching on the Lord’s Supper over against the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church. Wycliffe's stand against the Mass paved a way for the proper celebration of the Lord’s Supper by God’s church.

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      • Repentance (General)
      • Repentance - Sorrow
      • Justification (Right with God)
      • Adoption (in the family of God)
      • Sanctification (Grow in Christ)
      • Perseverance of the Believer (Remaining a Christian)
    • Holy Spirit
      • Person of the Holy Spirit
      • Work of the Holy Spirit
      • Holy Spirit in the Old Testament
      • Holy Spirit as Paraclete
      • Holy Spirit and Jesus Christ
      • Baptism with the Holy Spirit
      • Filled with the Holy Spirit
      • Sealed with the Holy Spirit
      • Gifts of the Holy Spirit (General)
      • Fruit of the Holy Spirit (General)
      • Gifts of the Holy Spirit - Speaking in tongues
      • The Unforgivable sin (Sin against the Holy Spirit)
      • Signs and miracles
    • Church
      • Church - General
      • Images for the church
      • Church and Jesus Christ
      • Attributes of the church - General
      • Attributes of the church - Unity
      • Attributes of the church - Holiness
      • Attributes of the church - Apostolic
      • Attributes of the church - Catholic/Universal
      • Marks of the church (Pure preaching, sacraments, discipline)
      • Functions of the church - General
      • Functions of the church - Believing
      • Functions of the church - Celebrating
      • Functions of the church - Teaching
      • Functions of the church - Witnessing
      • Functions of the church - Service and Charity
      • Church membership
      • Church fellowship
      • Church government
      • Church discipline
      • Church federation
      • Reformation of the church
    • Sacraments
      • Sacraments (General)
      • Circumcision and baptism
      • Passover and Lord's supper
    • Kingdom of God
    • Last things (Future)
      • Expectation and return of Christ
      • Dispensationalism
      • Life after death (Intermediate state)
      • Signs of the times
      • Death and Resurrection of the body
      • Final Judgment
      • New Heaven and New Earth & Hell
  • Creeds & Confessions
    • Authority and binding to the Confessions
    • Character of the Confessions
    • Apostolic Creed
    • Belgic Confession
      • General
      • Article 1
      • Article 2
      • Article 3
      • Article 4
      • Article 5
      • Article 6
      • Article 7
      • Article 8
      • Article 9
      • Article 10
      • Article 11
      • Article 12
      • Article 13
      • Article 14
      • Article 15
      • Article 16
      • Article 17
      • Article 18
      • Article 19
      • Article 20
      • Article 21
      • Article 22
      • Article 23
      • Article 24
      • Article 25
      • Article 26
      • Article 27
      • Article 28
      • Article 29
      • Article 30
      • Article 31
      • Article 32
      • Article 33
      • Article 34
      • Article 35
      • Article 36
      • Article 37
    • Westminster Confession
      • General
      • Chapter 1
      • Chapter 2
      • Chapter 3
      • Chapter 4
      • Chapter 5
      • Chapter 6
      • Chapter 7
      • Chapter 8
      • Chapter 9
      • Chapter 10
      • Chapter 11
      • Chapter 12
      • Chapter 13
      • Chapter 14
      • Chapter 15
      • Chapter 16
      • Chapter 17
      • Chapter 18
      • Chapter 19
      • Chapter 20
      • Chapter 21
      • Chapter 22
      • Chapter 23
      • Chapter 24
      • Chapter 25
      • Chapter 26
      • Chapter 27
      • Chapter 28
      • Chapter 29
      • Chapter 30
      • Chapter 31
      • Chapter 32
      • Chapter 33
    • Canons of Dordt
      • General
      • Chapter 1
      • Chapter 2
      • Chapter 3/4
      • Chapter 5
    • Heidelberg Catechism
      • General
      • Lord's Day 1
      • Lord's Day 2
      • Lord's Day 3
      • Lord's Day 4
      • Lord's Day 5
      • Lord's Day 6
      • Lord's Day 7
      • Lord's Day 8
      • Lord's Day 9
      • Lord's Day 10
      • Lord's Day 11
      • Lord's Day 12
      • Lord's Day 13
      • Lord's Day 14
      • Lord's Day 15
      • Lord's Day 16
      • Lord's Day 17
      • Lord's Day 18
      • Lord's Day 19
      • Lord's Day 20
      • Lord's Day 21
      • Lord's Day 22
      • Lord's Day 23
      • Lord's Day 24
      • Lord's Day 25
      • Lord's Day 26
      • Lord's Day 27
      • Lord's Day 28
      • Lord's Day 29
      • Lord's Day 30
      • Lord's Day 31
      • Lord's Day 32
      • Lord's Day 33
      • Lord's Day 34
      • Lord's Day 35
      • Lord's Day 36
      • Lord's Day 37
      • Lord's Day 38
      • Lord's Day 39
      • Lord's Day 40
      • Lord's Day 41
      • Lord's Day 42
      • Lord's Day 43
      • Lord's Day 44
      • Lord's Day 45
      • Lord's Day 46
      • Lord's Day 47
      • Lord's Day 48
      • Lord's Day 49
      • Lord's Day 50
      • Lord's Day 51
      • Lord's Day 52
    • Thirty Nine Articles of Religion
    • Different Confessions
    • Preaching of the Confessions
  • Doctrine of life - Ethical principles
    • Christ and the Christian life
    • Purpose of Christian life
    • Discovering the will of God - General
    • Use of Scripture in ethics
    • Seeking the kingdom of heaven
    • Christian freedom
    • Discipleship
    • Following and Imitation of Christ
    • Old Testament Ethics
    • Ten Commandments
      • Ten Commandments (General)
      • First commandment
      • Second commandment
      • Third commandment
      • Fourth commandment
      • Fifth commandment
      • Sixth commandment
      • Seventh commandment
      • Eight commandment
      • Ninth commandment
      • Tenth commandment
    • Law
      • Law (General)
      • Fulfillment of the Law
      • Legalism
      • Law and Gospel
      • Theonomy
    • Case Laws
    • Natural Law
    • Creation order
    • Sermon on the Mount and Ethics
    • Guidance of the Spirit
    • Identity of God's people
    • Love and hate
    • Common good
    • Authority
    • Position of the Christian in this world
    • Christian mind
    • Conviction and tolerance
    • Discernment
    • Christian lifestyle
    • Responsibility & Collective Responsibility
    • Compromise
    • Conflicting obligation
    • Conscience
    • Impartiality
    • Justice
    • Tradition and accomodation
    • Wisdom and prudence
    • Ethics of Christian Community
    • Indifferent things (Adiaphora)
    • Submission
    • Self-denial and Hedonism
    • Temperance and Abstinence
    • Virtue
    • Worldview
    • Vocation
    • Truth and lying
  • Doctrine of life - Ethical themes
    • Gender - Role of manhood and womanhood
    • Sexual Ethics
      • Sexual Ethics - General
      • Homosexuality
      • Premarital Sex
      • Sex Education
      • Lustfulness and Chastity
      • Pornography
    • Dating and Singleness
    • Marriage and Family
      • Marriage (General)
      • Family (General)
      • Adoption
      • Procreation and Family Planning
      • Adultery
      • Celibacy
      • Childhood
      • Adolescence
      • Young Adulthood (Twenties and Thirties)
      • Middle-Age (Forties and Fifties)
    • Divorce and remarriage
    • Education (General)
      • Christian education
      • Purpose of Education
      • Discipline
      • The child
      • Child development
      • Theories of Education
      • History of Christian Education
    • Parenting
    • Schooling
      • Teaching and Learning (General)
      • The Christian school
      • Home schooling
      • Teaching methods
      • The Curriculum and Evaluation
      • The Teacher
      • The School Board
      • Parents and the School
      • Church and the School
      • Place of Government in Education
    • Friendship
    • Hospitality
    • Economics
      • Economics (General)
      • Code of ethics for economists
      • Economic Theories
      • Development
      • Income Distribution
      • Inequality
      • Scarcity
      • Sustainability
    • Work & Employment
    • Business Ethics
      • Trade Unions and Strikes
      • Wages and Salaries
      • Prices
      • Labour Standards
      • Minimum Wages
      • Business Ethics (General)
      • Corporate Social Responsibility
    • Wealth & Poverty
      • Money and Possessions
      • Tithing
      • Generosity
      • Borrowing and Lending
      • Poverty
      • Consumerism
      • Taxes
      • Gambling
      • Prosperity gospel
    • Environmental Ethics
      • Environmental Ethics (General)
      • Energy and Energy Consumption
      • Global Warming
    • Public Ethics
      • Public Ethics (General)
      • Human Rights
      • Equality and Discrimination
      • Race and Racism
      • Nationalism and Patriotism
      • Judicial System
      • Crime and Punishment
      • Capital Punishment
      • Social welfare
      • Social gospel
    • Political Ethics
      • Government - Role and Responsibility
      • Democracy
      • Civil Disobedience and Revolution
      • State and Church Relationship
      • War and Peace
      • Terrorism
      • Genocide
      • Pacifism
      • Nuclear Weapons
      • Interrogation and Torture
      • Refugees and Genocide
      • Political involvement
    • Christ and Culture
    • Bioethics
      • Bioethics (General)
      • Genetic Engineering
      • Cloning
      • Reproductive Technologies
      • Prenatal Diagnosis
      • Contraception
      • Surrogate Father/Mother
    • Medical ethics
      • Medical Ethics (General)
      • Health
      • Illness
      • Disabilities
      • Health Care
      • Forgoing and Withdrawing Treatment
      • Organ Donation and Transplantation
      • Definition of Death
      • Euthanasia, Assisted Suicide and Letting Die
      • Abortion
      • Sterilization
      • Late Miscarriage & Stillbirth
      • Epidemics
    • Beauty and Arts (General)
    • Appearance
    • Visual Arts
    • Music
    • Drama and Cinema
    • Food and Food Consumption
    • Media and Censorship
    • Sabbath and Sunday
    • Recreation and entertainment
    • Speech and Communication
    • Sport
    • Time Consumption and Priorities
    • Other topics
  • Spirituality & Godliness
    • Fear of the Lord & Godliness
    • Spiritual exercises
    • Means of grace
    • Prayer
      • Prayer - General
      • Intercession
      • God answering prayers
      • Practice of prayer
      • Bodily posture in prayer
      • Private prayer
    • The Lord's Prayer
      • Lord's prayer - General
      • Beginning and Conclusion of Lord's prayer
      • First petition - Hallowed your Name
      • Second petition - Your Kingdom come
      • Third petition - Your will be done
      • Fourth petition - Give us today our daily bread
      • Fifth petition - Forgive us our debts
      • Sixth petition - And lead us not into temptation
    • Fasting
    • Meditation
    • Singing
    • Listening to sermons
    • Personal Devotions (General)
    • Reading of Spiritual Literature
    • Family worship
    • Preparation for home visitation
    • Christ and the new life
    • Personal relationship with God
    • Walking with God
    • Spiritual warfare & struggle against sin
      • Spiritual warfare (General)
      • Struggle against Temptation
      • Living with Hope
      • Desertion by God
      • Place of sin in the believer's life
      • Spiritual growth and backsliding
    • Sanctification of the whole life
    • Spirituality and experience
    • Gratitude
    • Blessedness
    • Different Fruit of the Holy Spirit
    • Different Fruit of the flesh
    • Heavenly mindedness
    • Joy in the Lord
    • History of Spirituality
  • Worship & Liturgy
    • Principles of Worship
      • Principles of Worship (General)
      • Worship as Communion with the Triune God
      • Worship as Communion with the People of God (General)
      • Worship as Gathering and Communion of the Local Church
      • Worship as Communion with Young and Old
      • Worship as Communion with the Church of all Ages and Places
    • Elements of the worship service
      • Liturgy - General
      • Call to worship and Salutation
      • Confessing of sin and assurance of pardon
      • Praise in music and song (General)
      • Public Prayer
      • Scripture reading
      • Preaching (place in worship service)
      • Gifts and offerings
      • Corporate confession of faith
      • The Amen
      • Sacraments in the worship service
      • Benediction
    • Different Liturgies
    • Church music
      • Musical instruments
      • Character and principles of church music
      • Musicians
      • Psalms as songs
      • Hymns
      • Church choir
      • History of church music
    • Liturgical year
      • Liturgical year (General)
      • Christmas
      • Good Friday
      • Easter Sunday
      • Ascension Day
      • Pentecost
    • Church architecture
  • Church Leadership and Offices
    • Church leadership (General)
    • Offices - General
    • Pastor/Preacher - General
    • Pastor/Preacher - Qualifications
    • Pastor/Preacher - Task
    • Pastor and his wife and family
    • Theological Training
    • Elder - General
    • Elder - Qualifications
    • Elder - Task
    • Deacon - General
    • Deacon - Qualifications
    • Deacon - Task
  • Preaching
    • Preaching (General)
      • Preaching, election and the free offer of the gospel
    • Principles of Preaching
    • Purpose and Function of Preaching
    • Types of Preaching
    • Preaching Method and Sermon Preparation Process
    • Sermon Evaluation
    • History of Preaching
    • Preaching style and delivery
    • Steps for making a sermon
  • Pastoral care
    • Principles of Pastorate
    • House Visitation
    • Confidentiality
    • Psychology
    • Care in Abuse and Neglect
      • Abuse - General
      • Spiritual Abuse
      • Sexual Abuse - General
      • Child Sexual Abuse
      • Clergy Sexual Abuse
      • Spousal Abuse
      • Elder Abuse
      • Emotional and Verbal Abuse
      • Ministry to Abusers
    • Care in Addictions
    • Care in Conflict and Bad Relations
    • Care in Depression
    • Care in Self-Esteem and Inferiority
    • Care in Anger
    • Care in Anxiety
    • Care in Crisis
    • Care in Psychological illnesses
    • Care in Autism
    • Care in Loneliness
    • Care in Aging
    • Care in the Dying Process
    • Care in Grief
    • Care in Burial Practices
    • Care with Last Will and Testament
    • Care in Honouring and Grieving the Dead
    • Care in Suicide
    • Other themes of Pastorate
  • Youth ministry and catechism
    • Principles of Youth ministry
    • Material for Youth ministry and catechism
      • In Thy Hands Children Material
        • In Thy Hands Part 1
        • In Thy Hands Part 2
    • Public profession of faith
  • Church Government
    • General Principles of Church government
    • Church Order
      • Purpose and observance of the Church order
      • Offices
      • Church Assemblies - General
      • Church Assemblies - Consistory
      • Oversight of doctrine and worship
      • Church Discipline
      • No Lording
    • Different systems of Church government
    • Church government and civil government
  • History & Church History
    • Church history - General
      • Historical writing
    • Church history - Early Church
      • Ignatius of Antioch
      • Constantine the Great
      • Council of Nicea
      • Cyprian
      • Cyril of Alexandria
      • Didache
      • Early Church (general)
      • Gregory of Nazianzus
      • Irenaeus of Lyons
      • Basil the Great
      • Jerome
      • John Chrysostom
      • John of Damascus
      • Justin Martyr
      • Marcion
      • Melito of Sardis
      • Clement of Alexandria
      • Augustine
      • Polycarp
      • Athanasius
      • Patrick of Ireland
      • Origen
      • Tertullian
    • Church history - Middle Ages
    • Church history - Reformation
      • Theodore Beza
      • Ulrich Zwingli
      • William Tyndale
      • Reformation in The Netherlands
      • Renaissance
      • Zacharius Ursinus
      • Reformation in Germany
      • Reformation in France
      • Reformation in England
      • Reformation in Eastern Europe
      • Reformation (General)
      • Philipp Melanchthon
      • Peter Vermigli
      • Martin Luther
      • John Knox
      • John Calvin
      • John a Lasco
      • Hugh Latimer
      • Heinrich Bullinger
      • Guido de Bres
    • Modern Church History
      • Church history - Asia
      • Church history - Europe
      • Church history - Africa
      • Church history - South America
      • Church history - North America
      • Church history - Oceania
    • Different theologies
      • Charismatic theology
      • Evangelical
      • Roman Catholic
      • Reformed
      • Five points of Calvinism
  • Defending the faith (Apologetics)
  • Mission & Evangelism
    • Biblical Basis of Missions
    • Missions and Evangelism
    • God as Missionary God
    • Missions as Work of God
    • Missions and the Glory of God
    • The Great Commission
    • Missions and local church
    • Missions and every believer
    • Church growth
    • The Missionary
    • The Mission Board
    • The Sending Church
    • Missions and Money
    • Short-term Missions
    • Mission Training
    • Missions to Children and Youth
    • Different Mission Approaches
    • Trends in Missions
    • History of Missions
    • Missionary and Culture
    • Missionary and Politics
    • Missions - Word and Deed
    • Missions and the Social Gospel
    • Mission, election and the free offer of the gospel
    • The Message in Missions
    • Mission and the Point of Contact
    • Prayer and Missions
    • The Mission Encounter
    • Boldness in Missions
    • Material to use in Missions
    • Missions and the New Convert
    • Worship in the Mission Field
  • Other religions
    • Relationship between Christianity and other religions
    • Islam
    • Cults
    • Judaism
    • Jehovah's Witnesses
    • New Age
    • African Traditional Religions
    • Atheism
    • Other religions (General)
    • Sects (General)
  • Faith & Science
    • Faith & Science (General)
    • Evolution
  • Philosophy & Culture
Obedience to legitimate authority is one of the fruits and evidences of Christian sincerity. Charles Hodge
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