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Five points of Calvinism

Does the Bible Teach Calvinism?

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  • Calvin D. Keller

This article is about the five points of Calvinism, total depravity and salvation, and the work of the Trinity in salvation.

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The Five Points of Calvinism

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  • Spike Fokkema

This article introduces the five points of Calvinism, also known by the acronym TULIP.

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Revising our Reformation Principles

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  • Joel R. Beeke

This article is about the five great truths (solas) of the Reformation and the Reformed faith.

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God Doesn't Help Those Who Help Themselves

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  • Michael Horton

Do you believe that God helps those who help themselves? This article explains why that is problematic. The author raises the context of the Reformation and the discovery of the five solas, and why these needed to be rediscovered today.

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A Penitent Spirit Calvinism reaches both to head and heart

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  • James M. Boice, Philip G. Ryken

How do you spot a Calvinist? This article explains that a Calvinist is someone who is marked by a penitent spirit.

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The Poisonous Petals of the Arminian LILAC

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  • Charles J. Terpstra

The Synod of Dort stood to defend the five points of Calvinism, known by the acronym TULIP, this article evaluates the opposing views of this teaching, known as Arminianism, for which the writer uses the acronym LILAC. It explains why Arminianism was and should be viewed as heresy.

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Confessions of a Harsh, Intolerant, Judgmental One

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  • John Pedersen

This article explains that to deny total depravity, election, limited atonement, irresistible grace, and perseverance of the saints is to attribute salvation to man’s merit.

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Some Practical Implications of Calvinism

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  • Tom Hicks

This article offers nine practical implications of Calvinism, which show that it is not simply a doctrine to be formally accepted, but concerns every aspect of our lives.

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Keep Keeping On: Perseverance of the Saints – TULIP Part 5

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  • Clint Archer

This article explains the doctrine of the perseverance of the saints.

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Simply Irresistible...Grace – TULIP Part 4

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  • Clint Archer

This article explains the doctrine of irresistible grace.

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One for All, or All for Naught? Limited Atonement – TULIP Part 3

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  • Clint Archer

This article explains the doctrine of limited atonement.

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Pick Me, Pick Me: Unconditional Election – TULIP Part 2

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  • Clint Archer

This article discusses the doctrine of unconditional election.

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Despicable Me: Total Depravity – TULIP Part 1

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  • Clint Archer

This article begins by discussing the term "Calvinism." It offers a brief overview of the commitment of John Calvin to proclaim the glory of God, in the midst of a life of great suffering. Then it discusses the doctrine of total depravity.

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The Five Points of Calvinism and Covenant Theology

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  • Tom Hicks

This article details the five points of Calvinism and how they fit into the Bible's covenant theology.

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Distinctively Reformed Soteriology

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  • James A. Laning

This article explains how the doctrines of total depravity, unconditional election, limited atonement, irresistible grace, and perseverance of the saints are distinctives of the Reformed teaching on salvation.

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Limited Atonement

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  • Loraine Boettner

Did Christ offer himself up as a sacrifice for all people, or only for a limited number? The author replies that the atonement of Christ was sufficient to save the whole human race, but was efficient to save only the elect. The Arminians, however, argue that the atonement has made it possible for all men to cooperate with the divine grace, and thus come to salvation if they will believe. The author argues that if the Arminian view is right, then millions of those for whom Christ died have been lost, which means that his sacrifice could not save them.

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Keeping the Church on Target: Five Defining Features of the Reformed Faith

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  • Kevin C. Carr

What defines the Reformed faith? Scripture alone, Christ alone, grace alone, faith alone, and glory to God only. This article explains the five solas as the defining markers of the Reformed faith.

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Seven Problems with Arminian Universal Redemption

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  • Joel R. Beeke

The Arminian view of universal redemption undermines God's character and being, it detracts from God's glory, and perverts evangelism, undermining the work of Christ.

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War and Peace in the Solas of the Heidelberg Catechism

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  • Angus Stewart

This article looks at the five solas - By faith alone, Through Christ alone, By grace alone, By scripture alone, and Glory to God alone - in the context of the Heidelberg Catechism.

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Three Principles of Protestantism

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  • James Edward McGoldrick

This article looks at the background of the Reformation, and the three principles of the Protestants: Sola Scriptura, Sola gratia and Sola fide. 

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The Five Points of Calvinism (Part 1): Historical Background

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  • John W. Keddie

This is the first article in a series on the five points of Calvinism. This article gives the historical background behind the five points of Calvinism, which were the Synod of Dort's response to the Remonstrance.

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The Five Points of Calvinism (Part 2): Total Depravity

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  • John W. Keddie

This is the second article in a series on the five points of Calvinism. This article looks at total depravity, showing that it refers to man's sinful nature and his inability to do spiritual good.

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The Five Points of Calvinism (Part 3): Unconditional Election

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  • John W. Keddie

This is the third article in a series on the five points of Calvinism. This article focuses on unconditional election. The nature of man, being sinful, is not a foundation for God's election. Predestination is completely rooted in God. Desiring Christ, repentance, and seeking forgiveness are marks of election.

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The Five Points of Calvinism (Part 4): Limited Atonement

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  • John W. Keddie

This is the fourth article in a series on the five points of Calvinism. This article focuses on limited atonement. Christ's work is intended specifically for those who are elected.

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The Five Points of Calvinism (Part 5): Irresistible Grace

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  • John W. Keddie

This is the fifth article in a series on the five points of Calvinism. This article looks at irresistible grace. This doctrine is important because it shows that salvation does not depend on the free will of man, but on the sovereign grace of God. God brings the sinner to trust in Christ, giving him the will through the Holy Spirit to respond to the calling of the gospel.

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The Five Points of Calvinism (Part 6): Perseverance of the Saints

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  • John W. Keddie

This is the sixth article in a series on the five points of Calvinism. This article focuses on the perseverance of the saints. Perseverance is rooted in God, who enables believers to be fruitful.

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The Doctrines of Grace

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  • Charles M. Wingard

This article looks at the five points of Calvinism (TULIP) and salvation through grace alone.

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Jesus and the "Five Points"

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  • C. B. Holdsworth

This article shows how the so-called five points of Calvinism were taught by Christ himself, as evident from John 6:36-37.

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Calvinistic Distinctives and Evangelism

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  • John Murray

This article considers how the doctrines of election, limited atonement, and total depravity harmonize with evangelism.

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The Doctrines of Grace

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  • Anonymous

This article contains a useful summary of the five points of Calvinism, provided by someone who came out of an Arminian background.

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What Is the Gospel?

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  • Loraine Boettner

The author believes that the future of Christianity is in the theology of Calvinism. He goes on to emphasize the basic tenets of Calvinism such as the sovereignty of God, total depravity, the atonement of Christ, the foreknowledge of God and the so-called universalistic passages.

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Are the Five Solas Biblical?

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  • Stephen J. Wellum

This article considers how the five solas of the Reformation are biblical.

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Efficacious Grace

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  • Loraine Boettner

This article discusses the teaching of efficacious grace as embraced by Calvinists. The article focuses on the inward change that is necessarily worked supernaturally, the effect produced in the soul, and the sufficiency of Christ's work on behalf of those for whom he suffered.

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Total Depravity Makes Christianity Unique

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  • Brian Robinson

This article discusses the Reformed doctrine of total depravity, and how this distinguishes biblical Christianity from every other religion.

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The Five Points of Calvinism (Part 7): Evangelism

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  • John W. Keddie

This is the last article in a series on the five points of Calvinism. This article responds to the accusation that Calvinism hinders evangelism through its belief in predestination. In actual fact, Calvinism should incentivize evangelism.

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In Whose Hand?

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  • Donald Macleod

This article is about the essence of Calvinism. The author also discusses how the sovereignty of God is central to Calvinism.

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Calvinism and Evangelical Arminianism

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  • J. L. Girardeau

This article examines the objection often levelled against the Calvinistic doctrines of election and reprobation. The objection often raised is that these are inconsistent with the goodness of God. The article shows that these objections are unfounded, and that the Arminian doctrines make salvation impossible by denying that it is by grace and also by works.

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Chosen But Free

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  • J. M. Harrison

This article is a critical review of Norman Geisler’s Chosen But Free. The article argues that the book supports the Arminian view of election, although Geisler himself professes to be a Calvinist. The author suggests the book is aimed against the five points of Calvinism.

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The Five Points of Calvinism

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  • R. L. Dabney

This article discusses the events that necessitated the Synod of Dort, which was mainly in response to the objections raised by Jacob Arminius against major points of the Protestant doctrines. The result was that the synod upheld the teachings of the Protestant confessions, including what later came to be known as the five points of Calvinism. These five points the author discusses in detail.

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Amyraldus Redivivus – A Review Article

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  • Donald Macleod

Amyraldianism (following the teaching of Amyraldus/Amyraut) is often portrayed as a balanced alternative to both Calvinism and Arminianism. This article reviews the publication Christ for the World: Affirming Amyraldianism. This book is an Amyraldian commentary on developments in Reformed theology after the Synod of Dort.

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