The reference to the Lord's thirteen attributes of mercy in Nahum 1:3a is often interpreted as a re-reading meant to minimize the Lord's mercy and emphasize his wrath. This article shows that the quote originates from Numbers 14:17–18 while maintaining an allusion to Exodus 34:6–7.

This paper is a close reading of Nahum 1:1-10, and relates it to the rest of the book, in particular Nahum 2:11.