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The Johannine Jesus and the Synoptic Jesus

  • Semi-Technical
  • Richard Bauckham

The four Gospels are different. Is this a canonical problem? If there is four different accounts of Jesus, can we trust what we read about Jesus as a historical figure? This article focusses mainly on the fourth Gospel, the book of John, in relation to these questions.

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Ten Basic Facts about the NT Canon That Every Christian Should Memorize: #7: "Early Christians Often Used Non-Canonical Writings"

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  • Michael J. Kruger

The fact that early Christians did not just use books from the New Testament is used to criticize the canon. This article explains that two factors need to be taken into account: such non-canonical writings were rarely cited as Scripture, and are cited far less frequently than the canonical texts.

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Review of a "New New Testament": Part 2

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  • Michael J. Kruger

This article offers a review of the book by Hal Taussig, A New New Testament, a book that argues that apocryphal literature should be regarded as scriptural. The review interacts with the book's introduction, where the author offers his apologetic for the book. This article shows that the author's claims regarding the origins and dates of the books are deceptive, as are his remarks on when the current New Testament came into existence.

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Ten Basic Facts about the NT Canon That Every Christian Should Memorize: #1: "The New Testament Books Are the Earliest Christian Writings We Possess"

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  • Michael J. Kruger

This article focuses on the fact that the New Testament books are the earliest Christian writings we have. In other words, all our canonical books are from the first century.

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Ten Misconceptions about the NT Canon: #9: "The Canonical Gospels Were Certainly Not Written by the Individuals Named in Their Titles"

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  • Michael J. Kruger

Were the canonical Gospels written by anonymous individuals outside of Palestine? This article considers this claim, and argues that there are good reasons to think that the titles of the Gospels were included at a very early point.

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Ten Misconceptions about the NT Canon: #6: "In the Early Stages, Apocryphal Books Were as Popular as the Canonical Books"

  • Semi-Technical
  • Michael J. Kruger

Were the apocryphal gospels as popular and widespread as the canonical gospels? This article argues to the contrary, with three pieces of evidence: the extant manuscripts, the (in)frequency of their citation, and the way they are cited. The majority of early Christians preferred the books that are now in our New Testament canon.

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Apocryphal Books in Early Christian Codices: Evidence for Their Canonical Status?

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  • Michael J. Kruger

Why were the Shepherd of Hermas and the Epistle of Barnabas both included in one of the earliest complete New Testament manuscripts? This article considers this question, and argues that their inclusion was according to the standard structure of canonical lists in their time period.

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Ten Misconceptions about the NT Canon: #5: "Early Christians Disagreed Widely over the Books Which Made It into the Canon"

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  • Michael J. Kruger

Walter Bauer's book, Orthodoxy and Heresy in Earliest Christianity, is in many ways the basis for a common misperception about the New Testament canon, that there was very little agreement over the books that made it into the canon until the fourth or fifth century. This article evaluates that claim, showing that there is substantial evidence for widespread agreement over the core canonical books from an early time.

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Is Tradition the Only Way to Know Which Books Are in the Canon?

  • Semi-Technical
  • Michael J. Kruger

This article discusses the contention of Roman Catholics and others that tradition is the only means by which we may know what books are in the canon of Scripture. It expresses two concerns with this, stating that while a helpful way to know which books are canonical, the consensus approach is not the only way. For the books of the Bible speak for themselves as authoritative.

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Chronicles and the Canon in New Testament Times

  • Semi-Technical
  • R. Laird Harris

In this essay, Harris considers the canonical place and position of the book of Chronicles.

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The first and principal duty of a pastor is to feed the flock by diligently preaching the Word. John Owen
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