What is the second death? The second death is hell, which is set for those who do not believe in Christ. The article explains from Revelation 20:6 why the penal substitutionary atonement of Christ is the only way we can be saved from the judgment. 

In this article on church history, the author traces the different teachings of the church in reaction to the doctrine of atonement. Five views on atonement have arisen in the past; namely, ransom, satisfaction, moral influence, penal substitutionary, and governmental perspectives.