Romans 2:12-16 raises important questions. What is the relationship of the Law to the Gentiles? Does Romans 2 teach that there is a “natural law” that is a Gentile equivalent to the Law of Moses? Has this text anything to say about conscience? Is it possible for Gentiles to receive salvation through obedience to this natural law? Is Paul’s argument in Romans 2:12-16 a contradiction to what he wrote in Romans 3:9 and 20? Lamp reflects on these and related questions through a detailed exegesis of Romans 2 in its literary context.